India is a federation with a parliamentary
form of government,
governed under the Constitution of India. It is a constitutional republic and representative democracy, "in which majority rule is tempered by minority rights protected by law." Federalism in India defines the power distribution
between the centre and the states. The government is regulated
by a checks and balances defined by Indian
Constitution, which serves as the country's supreme legal document.
The Constitution
of India came into force on 26 January 1950. The preamble of the constitution defines India as a sovereign,
socialist,
secular,
democratic republic. India has a bicameral
parliament operating under a Westminster-style parliamentary system. Its
form of government was traditionally described as being 'quasi-federal' with a
strong centre and weaker states, but it has grown increasingly federal since
the late 1990s as a result of political, economic and social changes. The President of India is the head of state elected
indirectly by an electoral
college for a five-year term. The Prime Minister is the head of government and
exercises most executive power. Appointed by the
President, the Prime Minister is by convention supported by the party
or political alliance holding the majority of seats in the lower house of
Parliament.
The Secretariat Building, in New Delhi, houses key government offices. |
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