Timeline
of Gandhi's Life
1869
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Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi born in Porbandar in Gujarat.
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1893
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Gandhi leaves for Johannesburg for
practicing law and is thrown out of a first class bogie because he is
colored.
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1906
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Mohandas K. Gandhi, 37, speaks at a mass
meeting in the Empire Theater, Johannesburg on September 11 and
launches a campaign of nonviolent resistance (satyagraha) to protest
discrimination against Indians. The British Government had just invalidated
the Indian Marriage.
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1913
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Mohandas Gandhi in Transvaal, South Africa leads
2,500 Indians into the in defiance of a law, they are violently arrested,
Gandhi refuses to pay a fine, he is jailed, his supporters demonstrate. On
November 25, and Natal police fire into the crowd, killing two, injuring 20.
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1914
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Mohandas Gandhi returns to India at age 45
after 21 years of practicing law in South Africa where he organized a
campaign of “passive resistance” to protest his mistreatment by whites for
his defense of Asian immigrants. He attracts wide attention in India by
conducting a fast --the first of 14 that he will stage as political
demonstrations and that will inaugurate the idea of the political fasting.
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1930
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A civil disobedience campaign against the
British in India begins March 12. The All-India Trade Congress has empowered
Gandhi to begin the demonstrations (see 1914). Called Mahatma for the past
decade, Gandhi leads a
165-mile march to the Gujarat coast of the Arabian Sea
and produces salt by evaporation of sea water in violation of the law as a
gesture of defiance against the British monopoly in salt production
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1932
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Gandhi begins a "fast unto death"
to protest the British government's treatment of India's lowest caste
"untouchables" whom Gandhi calls Harijans --
"God's children." Gandhi's campaign of civil disobedience has
brought rioting and has landed him in prison, but he persists in his demands
for social reform, he urges a new boycott of British goods, and after 6 days
of fasting obtains a pact that improves the status of the
"untouchables" (Dalits)
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1947
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India becomes free from 200 years of British
Rule. A major victory for Gandhian principles and non-violence in general.
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1948
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Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a
Hindu fanatic at a prayer meeting
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